MOTIVATION
Introduction to motivation
In the
psychological form of way we can say that motivation is concerned with the two
things
- Inculcation
- Stimulation
This two words
is depends upon learners interest in the learning activities. Many people
incorrectly view motivation is a personal traits for the small base that is
some have it and others do not.
Motivation
is the result of interaction of the individual and the situation.
·
It is a internal process.
·
Motivation is originally derived from the Greek word
“Mover” – which means to move motor or motion.
·
It is an art of inculcating stimulating in
different activities of the pupils.
·
Motivation is a process by which the learners
internal energies are directed towards various goals objects in his / her
environment.
Q) Define the motivation.
Answer-
1.
According to “Good”, “Motivation is the process
of arousing and regulating the activity.”
2.
According to “Crow and Crow”, “Motivation is considered
with arousal of the interest in learning which is essential for learning.”
3.
According to “William Mcdougall”, “Motivation is
an energy change within the person by the way of anticipatory goal relation.”
Q) What is process of Motivation?
Answer-
- The process of motivation is directed toward an activity or a problem to reach the goal.
- The process of motivation starts with tension.
- In this process movements are towards goal.
- This activities continue till one achieve the goal.
- This process release the tension on the achieving goal.
Q) What are the types of Motivation?
Answer-
Motivation
is of two types-
- Intrinsic Motivation (Internal)
- Extrinsic Motivation (External)
Q) Give 10 points on both Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation.
Intrinsic Motivation
- It is an internal force or motive within the individual which propels him/ her into imitting certain behaviour.
- This type of motivation can make an individual to have the feelings of self-confidence and competence.
- The intrinsically motivated child does an act, because the mere performance of the act and its outcome satisfies him.
- An intrinsically motivated child does their act for enjoyment.
- This type of behaviour does not acquire any poor learning.
- An activities were intrinsically motivated we would have derived satisfaction in life.
- It is unrealistic in practice.
- It helps to learn the subject with acquiring the deep knowledge.
- Here the motivation comes from inside.
- With this motivation a childs learning results always good, because it is not reward oriented.
- This is mastery goal oriented.
Extrinsic Motivation
- It is related to obtaining some desirable goals.
- It is reward oriented.
- It is come form outside to achieve something.
- In this motivation students learning may not be taking full knowledge.
- This performance goal oriented.
- Extrinsic motivations can be justified only, on the ground that they lead to intrinsic motivation.
- Extrinsic motivation -ve in nature.
- If it becomes fixed in a child that will be bad for his future.
- This type of motivation is also known as artificial or secondary motivation.
- In this motivation child is not interested from inside.
Q) What are the factors affecting motivation?
Answer-
1.
Child Centre approach
2.
Creating interest
3.
Use of effective methods
4.
Confirmation success
5.
Knowledge of result
6.
Praise and blame
7.
Reward and Punishment
8.
Competition and cooperation
9.
Development of proper attitude
10. Teachers
people relationship
Motivation in the force that energies, and directs behaviour towards a goal. Typically, the concept of motivation is applied when a person is energized to satisfy some need or the person will engage in or be attracted to activities that are perceived as having the potential to meet this need or desire.
Kinds of Motives
1. Biological Motives
2. Psychosocial Motives
INTELLIGENCE
Q) What is the meaning of intelligence?
Answer-
Intelligence
is a general mental adaptability to new problems and conditions of life. This
is a one of the capacity for flexible adjustment with the environment.
Intelligence
is a inborn capacity of the human being on the basis of that capacity all human
beings can solve different problems in different situation.
Q) Define Intelligence.
Answer-
The famous
psychologist Alfred Binet, said that “Judgement and commonsense, initiative and
ability to adapt oneself to new situations and conditions of life.
Intelligence is an important ability and it is closely associated with the educational achievement of an individual. Among the qualities that are needed for an individual to lead a happy and contented life, the most important one is intelligence. Intelligence is generally guessed from the way a person appears to understand a factor a group of facts, and the manner in which he/she responds to these facts.
Q) Write the characteristics of intelligence?
Answer-
1.
Intelligent is a permanent capacity of the human
being.
2.
It is a innate capacity of the human beings.
3.
Intelligence always helps to solve the different
problems.
4.
Intelligence always helps to each individual for
the adjustment of different situation.
5.
Intelligence always helps to identify the
individual difference.
6.
All educational qualities efficiency is depends
upon the intelligence.
7.
Intelligence is influence, by the environment.
Concept of IQ
The full meaning
of IQ is that intelligent Quotient.
The formula of IQ = ( MENTAL AGE/ CHORONOGICAL AGE) X 100
THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE
The theories of intelligence propagated by psychologists from time to time have explained the meaning and nature of intelligence.
The Major Theories of Intelligence are:
i) Single Factor Theory
ii) Two Factor Theory
iii) Mult-Factor Theory
iv) Guilford's Theory
The single factor theories of intelligence try to throw light on the structure of intelligence by pointing out the number factors or constituents (eg) the unitary theory holds that intelligence consists of only one factor. Le a fund of intellectual competence.
Spearman's two-factor theory advocates the presence of two factors general intelligence and specific intelligence ‘S’.
The multifactor theory considers Intelligence to be a combination of numerous separate elements or factors, each of which is a minute element of abiky.
Guilford's s theory lays down a model of the Intellect involving three interrelated and Interacted basic parameters-operations contents, and products for explaining the structure of human intelligence.
INTELLIGENCE TESTS
Some of the Major Intelligence Tests are:
1. Individual tests
2. Group tests
3. Verbal test
4. Non-Verbal test
5. Performance test
6. Stanford-Binet test
7. The Wechsler scale of intelligence
USES OF INTELLIGENCE TESTS
i) Intelligence Tests are used to Understand the capacity of a child.
ii) It is used for Homogenous grouping.
iii) Intelligence tests are also used for the purpose of admission and selection to various courses.
